JOHANNESBURG – South Africa’s Home Affairs Minister Leon Schreiber announced last Friday the extension of Zimbabwe Exemption Permits (ZEP) until November 28, 2025, reigniting heated debate over whether the country’s largest immigrant community strengthens or strains the national economy.

The announcement comes as South Africa grapples with rising tensions over immigration policy and its economic implications. Ngqabutho Mabhena, Chairperson of the Zimbabwe Community in South Africa, highlighted the complex nature of the immigration debate.

“We need to carefully examine both the contributions and challenges that come with immigration,” Mabhena said. “Our community plays a vital role in various sectors of the South African economy.”

Zimbabwean immigrants have established significant presence in key sectors including healthcare, construction, and agriculture, helping to address skill shortages. They also contribute to tax revenue and business development across the country.

However, some South African officials and citizens express concerns about pressure on public services. Critics point to strain on housing, education, and healthcare systems, particularly in urban areas with high immigrant populations.

The permit extension affects current ZEP holders regardless of renewal application status. This decision provides temporary relief for Zimbabwean residents while authorities evaluate long-term immigration policies.

Recent years have seen increased xenophobic incidents in South African communities, with some violent attacks targeting foreign nationals. These tensions often stem from competition for jobs in areas with high unemployment.

Law enforcement agencies report challenges with illegal immigration, including drug trafficking and other criminal activities, though experts caution against generalizing these issues to the broader immigrant population.

The Department of Home Affairs plans to review immigration policies during the extension period, focusing on balancing economic benefits with social service capacity.

“This extension gives us time to implement proper mechanisms for managing skilled immigration while protecting local interests,” Minister Schreiber said in his announcement.